One of the most common spine problems is not a rude pain in the back of the back.According to the National Center for Health Statistics, 26-32% of adults suffer from chronic pain in the lower back.The frequent cause of such pain is osteochondrose.
Osteochondrosis is prematurely spending and aging interferebral disks and vertebrae.Osteochondrosis can occur any part of the spine: cervix, chest, lumbar or lumbar.The lumbar segment is most often affected, and the lumbar osteohondrose is developing.If you don't start treating in time, the disease can affect a few departments at once.
Osteochondrosis The lumbar region is a chronic degenerative disease in which the tissues of intervertebral discs are destroyed in the lumbar region.In the intervertebral disk there are two main parts: core and fibrous ring.With an increased load, these buildings were destroyed, which leads to the compression of nerves and the appearance of acute pain.
Since the disease is developing slowly, its signs are at first difficult to notice.The patient does not pay attention or does not understand exactly where it hurts.Therefore, they are often already coming to the doctor at the moment when the intervertebral hernia is developed.
Causes of osteochondrose
Lumbar osteochondrose, such as most diseases of the musculoskelnim system, has ineffective etiology.Risk factors for osteochondrosis development are mainly related to the motor activity of persons, lifestyle, professional working conditions, as well as hereditary.Let us stop on the main and perhaps the most important factors.
Violation of position and reduction of motor activities.Given the modern rhythm of life, people must be in one position for a long time, whether it is office work, driving a car or study.Therefore, a large number of people have problems with a position of position, including scoliosis.When holding breaks, the load on the spinal column is unevenly distributed: some discs are loaded more than others.The lumbar region suffers more than others.And in the event of a lumbar department, this load is many times more than on other departments.
Excessive physical activity.When a person does not play sports, and the back of the muscles are weak, intense training can harm.Exercises with additional load and excessive load in the lumbar area lead to injuries, interverters carry before time.
Excess body weight and obesityIncrease the axial load on your spine.At the same time, the nutrition of intervertebral discs is disturbed that are developed by dystrophical processes.
Age-relefined changes.After 60 years, the tissue renovation processes slow down, so they are more likely to develop intercontral killes in older people.
Hereditary factors.If a person is naturally disturbed by the properties of cartilage and bone tissue, then his osteochondrose develops and will be faster before.
First signs and main symptoms of lumbar osteochondrose
Intervertebral discs soften the shocks while walking, run and jump.Due to structural changes that accompany lumbar osteochondrose, this function suffers.
When intervertebral discs for osteochondrosis become thinner, it leads to an increase in vulnerability of nerves and blood vessels.Nerves are a shot and their diet disturbed, acute pain and other symptoms of lumbar osteochondorosis appear.
Sharp and chronic lower back pain- This is the main appeal of lumbar osteochondrose.Personal activity, hypothermia, an unpleasant pose can cause pain.Sometimes the pain extends to the whole back and legs.
Tingle, ignition and stiffness (paresthesia) in lower back and legs-Frequry symptom of lumbar osteochondrose that appears due to the compression of nerves.
Increasing tons of muscle back in the lumbar areaCan increase pain and lead to mobility reduction.
Stage Hondo Phases Lumbar
Changes in the paper and bone tissue appear slowly.Depending on the prevalence of the pathological procedure, four phases of lumbar osteochondrone are characterized.
1. Phase.This is the start of the disease (chondrosis).Location of gelatinous core disks compared to the fiber of string change of the ring.This leads to irritation of nerves and pain.Sometimes at this stage nothing hurts.
2. Phase.Due to displacement of disks, the intervertebral gap is reduced, cracks appear in the discs.The nerves are compressed, and the patient suffers from acute pain in the lower back.
3. Phase.Intervertebral discs are completely damaged, a fibrous ring was destroyed.At this stage, the risk of developing intervertebral hernia is high.The pain is amplified, appears more often and has a different character: from acute to chronic pain.
Fourth phase.The disease refers to nearby tissues.In the lumbar area, mobility is reduced, pain emerges even with minor changes in the body position.At this stage, intervertebral kilas develops and the risk of the compression of nerves and blood vessels in the lumbar area is high.
Diagnosis of osteochondrose lumbar
If you tortured acute lower back pain, both in motion and at rest, leg stiffness - contact a neurologist.The inspection will be carried out, determine the probable cause of pain and prescribe the necessary diagnosis.
The main research methods are radiography and tomography.
- Vid, seeing and functional radiography of spine in two projections.This method allows you to assess the condition of your spine, but soft tissue (for example, muscle) and cartilage in the pictures are not displayed.
- Computer Tomography allows you to get more information, as the images are obtained in different projections.Based on the results of the study, the doctor may determine the degree of lumbar spine damage.
- Magnetic resonance is the "gold standard" for the exact diagnosis of "lumbar osteochondrose".According to MRI, the doctor can estimate the state of soft tissues and identify the rain between vertebral.
Treatment of lumbar osteochondrose
After making diagnosis, the neurologist individually selects treatment.It depends on the stage of the disease and the severity of the symptoms.Most patients help comprehensive conservative treatment (medicine therapy, physiotherapy exercises, physiotherapy).If the patient is not better and serious complications develop, the operation is prescribed.
Conservative treatment
Conservative Tasks of Treatment:
- Stop the pain.
- Reduce inflammation.
- Prevent the development of complications.
- Reduce the load on your spine by strengthening the back of the back.
- Reduce nerve compression.
- In intervertebral hernia - create conditions for its resorption and natural healing.
In the acute phase of the disease, the doctor primarily reduces pain and inflammation of analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications.After that, a neurologist produces an individual program consisting of physiotherapy, manual therapy and physiotherapy exercises.
PhysiotherapyIt is based on the use of physical factors: cold, heat, electricity, magnetic radiation, laser, etc.They help reduce the intensity of pain and improve tissue diet, which contributes to their natural restoration.
KinesitherapyIt is active (exercise therapy) and passive (massage, towing).It allows you to strengthen the back muscles, mitigate muscle tension, improve microcirculation and activate recovery processes.
Hand therapy and massageRemove the increased muscle tone in the lower back, return mobility.Therefore, the beautifully damaged area improves and the degree of fingers of nerves decreases.
TapingOr kinesiological recording is based on the use of elastic plasters, which are glued to the skin to weaken or improve the muscle tone.Thus, the muscular framework is reinforced, microcirculation in the lumbar area improves and the distribution of cargo on the spine is normalized.
Laser therapyIt is based on the use of low intensity laser radiation and its positive effects on cell functioning.Contributes to the natural renewal of intervertebral discs by improving their nutrition.
Plasma therapy(PRP therapy) -A methods for improving the regeneration process.The injections of the purified patient plasma encourage his immunity.
Reflexology, acupunctureImprove blood supply affected areas, reduce pain.
Shock therapy of waves- It is the effect of high-transformity of waves in the affected area.Stimulates natural tissue regeneration processes and improves tissue nutrition.
Orthopedics- Individual selection of corsets for the added support of the spine.It allows partially compensating the load on the spine.When you wear a corset, the pain decreases, mobility and quality of the patient's life increases.
Lumbar osteochondrose is a chronic disease.It is important that the patient changes his lifestyle and learn to live with this disease.To do this, there are special educational programs that can improve the quality of the patient's life.
The positive effect of conservative treatment is achieved in 2-3 months.If such treatment is inefficient, the operation is prescribed.
Surgery
With the development of intervertebral hernia lumbar department, minimal invasive surgical operations are carried out.The choice in the direction of neurosurgical treatment is performed by special indications, in difficult, threatening patient's lives.
Operation is a complex invasive method of treatment associated with risks.During surgery or after surgery, complications may be developed.And the success of treatment depends on postoperative rehabilitation, which includes the methods of conservative therapy and orthopedic corrections.
Do not delay treatment
Lumbar osteohondrose is a progressive disease.If not revealed on time and do not start treating, it can lead to disability and reduction in quality of life.In time, several parts of the spine, the pain of acute from acute crosses into chronic is affected.
Timely prevention of symptoms and treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis in initial phases can prevent disease development and deterioration.